HJ 1453-2026 “Hunhu hweMvura – Kuziva Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni uye Cr – Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry” yakaburitswa zviri pamutemo sehwaro hwakakosha hwekuona simbi dzinorema muhunhu hwemvura uye ichatanga kushanda musi wa1 Chivabvu, 2026. Mutemo uyu unopa humbowo hwehunyanzvi hwakavimbika uye hwakavimbika hwekuona zvinhu zvishanu zvakakosha zvesimbi inorema mumvura yepamusoro, pasi pevhu, tsvina yemumba uye mvura yakasviba yemumaindasitiri. Panyaya yekutarisirwa kwakasimba uye zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvekuongorora, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry ichave nzira yakakosha yekutsigira kutarisa simbi inorema yehunhu hwemvura nekunzwa kwayo kwakanyanya, muganho wekuona wakaderera uye hunhu hwakakura uye hwakagadzikana.
BFRL WFX-220A Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
1 Kuedza
1.1 Kugadzirira kwezvishandiso uye reagent
WFX-220A Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer: BFRL;
Chigayo che microwave uye chinotsigira chinodzora tembiricha chemagetsi: Yiyao Technology, M3;
mhinduro yakajairika yeCu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr (1000 μg/mL); Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, uye palladium nitrate zvese zvakachena zvakanyanya.
1.2 Kugadzirira kwemuenzaniso
Mushure mekutora sampuro, wedzerai nitric acid yakakwana kuti mugadzirise acidity kusvika pH≤2, muichengete munzvimbo ine rima, uye muyere mukati memazuva makumi mana.
Yera nemazvo 25.0 mL yemvura iri pamusoro pemvura mutangi rekugaya microwave, wedzera 3 mL ye nitric acid uye 1 mL ye hydrochloric acid, wozviisa mu microwave digester kuti zvigayiwe (Tafura 1). Mushure mekugaya, tonhodza kusvika patembiricha yemumba, isa pa electric thermal digester, wobva waita evaporate kuti mvura yacho iome. Bvisa wotonhodza, geza madziro emukati ne 1% nitric acid kanenge katatu, isa mu 25ml colorimetric tube, deredza vhoriyamu ne 1% nitric acid kuenda ku reticle, zunza zvakanaka, wobva waedzwa.
Tafura 1 Maitiro ekudziyisa kugaya microwave
| Kupisa kwekugaya | Nguva yekupisa (min) | Bata nguva (min) |
| Tembiricha yemukamuri→120℃ | 0 | 3 |
| 120→150℃ | 0 | 3 |
| 150→180℃ | 0 | 20 |
1.3 Mamiriro ekuyedza
Kuongororwa kweAtomic Absorption spectroscopy kwakashandiswa, uye mamiriro ekushandisa anoratidzwa muTafura 2 iri pazasi.
Tafura 2. Mamiriro ekushandisa girafiti muchoto
| Chinhu | Cu | Pb | Cd | Ni | Cr |
| Mwenje werambi | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Kureba kwewave | 324.7 | 283.3 | 228.8 | 232 | 357.9 |
| Bandwidth yeSpectral | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Kupisa kwekuomesa (℃) / Nguva (s) | 120/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 | 100/30 |
| Kupisa kwemvura (℃)/Nguva (s) | 900/30 | 550/15 | 550/15 | 800/15 | 850/15 |
| Kupisa kweAtomization (℃) / Nguva (s) | 2300/3 | 2200/3 | 2000/3 | 2500/4 | 2500/3 |
| Jekiseni vhoriyamu (μL) | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Vhoriyamu yejekiseni reMatrix improver (μL) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Nzira yekugadzirisa kumashure | Rambi reDeuterium | Rambi reDeuterium | Rambi reDeuterium | Rambi reDeuterium | Rambi reDeuterium |
Kugadziriswa kwemushonga unovandudza: yera 0.1g ye palladium nitrate, wedzera 1mL ye nitric acid (2.1) kuti inyungudike, woisa vhoriyamu kusvika 100mL nemvura yemurabhoritari.
Kudhirowa kwemacurve anoshanda: Mhinduro dzeCu, Pb, Cd, Ni neCr (1000 μg/mL) dzinowanikwa muzvitoro dzakasanganiswa nhanho nhanho, dzakagadzirirwa kuita 50 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 1 μg/L, 30 μg/L, uye 10 μg/L yemhinduro yekushandisa, uye single-point dilution configuration curve yakaitwa ne autosampler.
2 Mhedzisiro nehurukuro
Pasi pemamiriro ekuyedza akasarudzwa, hukama hwemutsara hwaive hwakanaka pa0~50μg/L yeCu, 0~10μg/L yePb, 0~1μg/L yeCd, 0~30μg/L yeNi, uye 0~10μg/L yeCr, iyo inogona kusvika kupfuura 0.999; Curve ye calibration inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1~Mufananidzo 5 pazasi.
Mufananidzo 1: Kukombama kwekugadzirisa kweCu
Mufananidzo 2: Kukombama kwePb
Mufananidzo 3: Kukombama kweCd calibration
Mufananidzo 4. Mutsetse wekugadzirisa Ni
Mufananidzo 5 Cr calibration curve
Mhinduro isina chinhu yakagadzirwa zvichienderana nenzira yekuyedza uye zviyero gumi nerimwe zvakaitwa, uye muganho wekuona nzira yekuverenga waive 17.34pg yeCu, 1.51pg yePb, 0.42pg yeCd, 17.77pg yeNi, uye 1.28pg yeCr.
Mienzaniso yemvura yepamusoro yakaongororwa pasi pemamiriro ekuyedza akasarudzwa, uye mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoratidzwa muTafura 3 iri pazasi.
Tafura 3Mhedzisiro yekuona sampuli dzemvura yepamusoro
| Chinhu | Muenzaniso 1 | Muenzaniso 2 | ||
| Zviyero zvakayerwa （μg/L） | Mwero wekupora wakasimudzwa (%) | Zviyero zvakayerwa （μg/L） | Mwero wekupora wakasimudzwa (%) | |
| Cu | 18.7 | 94.5 | 24.2 | 92.1 |
| Pb | 1.2 | 97.8 | 1.4 | 99.6 |
| Cd | 0.06 | 91.2 | 0.06 | 94.5 |
| Ni | 7.9 | 102.3 | 8.2 | 97.4 |
| Cr | 1.3 | 105.5 | 1.8 | 96.9 |
Zvinhu zvekuongorora zveCu, Pb, Cd, Ni, uye Cr zvakaedzwa kanomwe kakatevedzana, uye mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoratidzwa muTafura 4 iri pazasi.
Tafura 4Mhedzisiro yezvinyorwa zveCu, Pb, Cd, Ni, uye Cr
| chinhu | nhamba | kukosha kwakayerwa （μg/L） | Zviyero （μg/L） | Kutsauka kwakajairika kwehukama (%) |
| Cu | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 497±25 | 522.00 | 1.9 |
| Pb | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 0.241±0.012 | 0.243 | 2.1 |
| Cd | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 0.138±0.008 | 0.137 | 1.5 |
| Ni | GSB 07-3186-2014 | 258±14 | 253.4 | 2.6 |
Kubva paTafura 3 ne4, kudzoserwa kweCu, Pb, Cd, Ni neCr mumusanganiswa wemvura yepamusoro i91.2%~105.5%, uye kutsauka kwakajairwa kwemusanganiswa wemuenzaniso wakajairwa i1.5%~2.6% pamatanho manomwe ekuyera akafanana.
3 Mhedziso
Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa ne "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB 3838-2002), huwandu hweCu, Pb, Cd naNi mumvura yepamusoro hunoenderana nechiyero chemvura cheClass II. Panguva ino, WFX-220A atomic absorption spectrophotometer yakashandiswa kuona Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni naCr tichitarisa HJ 1453-2026 "Kuziva Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni naCr muHunhu hweMvura neGraphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry", uye mhedzisiro yezinga remuganho wekuona, kururama kwesampuro uye kunyatsojeka zvaive zvinogutsa.
WFX-220A atomic absorption spectrophotometer ine kunzwisisika kwakanyanya, kururama kwakanaka uye mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana. Chinhu chikuru chayo chikuru ndechekushandisa otomatiki zvakanyanya, murazvo ne graphite furnace zvinogona kuita kamwe chete otomatiki switching, pamwe chete ne high-precision flow control uye software yakangwara ine database yenyanzvi yakavakirwa mukati, kushanda kuri nyore uye kunobudirira. Panguva imwe chete, chishandiso ichi chinoshandisa modular design yekuchengetedza zuva nezuva, uye chine ma interlocks akawanda ekuchengetedza uye dziviriro yekudzora tembiricha inosanganisa software ne hardware kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, inotsigirawo high-temperature flame method, hydride method uye akasiyana-siyana autosampler extensions, ayo anogona kusangana zvizere nezvinodiwa zvekuongorora simbi mukuchengetedza nharaunda, chikafu nemishonga nedzimwe nzvimbo.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-15-2026